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20 November 2008 | Our local time: 16.15 GMT | ||
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London is the capital of England and of the United Kingdom. On 6th February 1952, Elizabeth Windsor became Queen Elizabeth II upon the death of her father King George VI and Buckingham Palace in Westminster remains her principal home. London is also home to approximately 7.5 million people and until the early 20’s was the most populous city in the world.
London was established as a civilian town by the Romans about seven years after the invasion of AD43, however there is evidence of prehistoric settlement in London dating from at least a thousand years before that. The name Londinium is thought to be pre-Celtic in origin and although there has been no academic consensus, it probably means "the flowing river".
During London’s 2,000 years of recorded history, it has experienced plague, devastating fire, civil war and two world wars; yet, it has still grown to become one of the most important business, financial and cultural capitals in the world.
The city is a major tourist destination, with four world heritage sites and numerous iconic landmarks such as the Houses of Parliament, Tower Bridge, the Tower of London, Westminster Abbey and the London Eye amongst its many attractions, along with famous institutions such as the British Museum and the National Gallery.
London is made up of 32 boroughs, plus the City of London borough, and about 22 per cent of London's population were born outside of the UK, which is what makes it such an ethnically-mixed and culturally-diverse city.
Travel around London on public transport is easy and frequent. The London Underground (more commonly known as “The Tube”) serves 275 stations and there are hundreds of bus routes serving the city and suburban areas. London has five main train stations:-Waterloo, Victoria, St. Pancras, Paddington and Euston, with trains running to all of Britain’s major cities. Waterloo station is also the terminus for the Eurostar train to Paris.
With a large port and five international airports, London is a major international transport hub. Its main airport at Heathrow carries more international passengers than any other airport in the world.
Canary Wharf is a large business development in London, located on the Isle of Dogs in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, centered on the old West India Docks in London Docklands. After post-war decline, much regeneration occurred from the 1980s onwards.
Now rivaling London's traditional financial centre, The Square Mile, Canary Wharf contains the UK's three tallest buildings: One Canada Square (sometimes known as the Canary Wharf Tower) at 771 ft (235.1 m); and the HSBC Tower and the Citigroup Centre joint second tallest at 654 ft (199.5 m).
Canary Wharf is serviced by the Docklands Light Railway, the Jubilee tube line, London City Airport and a frequent river ferry to the House of Commons. This has led to an increased population of around 63,000.
90,000 people work in this business centre of which around 25% live in the surrounding five boroughs. Canary Wharf is a shopping destination with a mall taking the total number of shops to more than 200 outlets. About 500,000 people each week shop at Canary Wharf.